Differential RPM is the
difference between the bowl RPM and the conveyor RPM. The differential is
provided by the gearbox which transmits power from the bowl to the conveyor.
Differential RPM is simply calculated by
dividing the bowl RPM by the gearbox ratio. Many desanders manufacturers
provide a “backdrive” which can independentlyalter the RPM. Backdrive units
are, in effect, hydraulic gear reductionsystems used to vary the speed of the
conveyor relative to the bowl. On“backdrive” units RPM depends upon the rotation of the gearbox pinionand the orientation of the flights on the
conveyor. For these units RPM may be calculated by:
RPM = (Bowl RPM – Pinion Speed)/Gearbox
Ratio
RPM is important because it determines the
velocity at which solids areconveyed through a centrifuge.
For example, a RPM of 50 and a flight pitchof 3 in. yields a conveyance velocity
of 150 in./min. Another expression takes the flight pitch and number of leads on
the conveyor into accountto describe the surface area of the bowl swept by the
conveyor flightsper unit time. The faster the rate at which the area is swept,
the greater the solids capacity.
This equation suggests that solids capacity
can be increased by increasingthe RPM (lowering the gearbox ratio). Low swept
area values couldindicate potential torque problems. For example, centrifuges with
130:1 orhigher gearbox ratios and centrifuges with 80:1 gearbox ratios with
singlelead conveyors may be limited in flowrate by torque.Test data indicates
that by increasing RPM reduces torque. Also, torquepressure as feed median
particle size increases. Despite the common
beliefthat high RPM values agitate the pond and inhibit sedimentation,
testresults indicate that the effect of RPM on solids removal efficiency is
slight,provided sufficient differential exists to remove the solids.
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